Xiao'erjing

Xiao'erjing ýa-da Xiaoerjin ýa-da Xiaor jin ýa-da gysgaldylan görnüşinde, Xiaojing sözüň doly manysynda "çagalaryň ýazuwy" ýa-da "kiçi ýazgy" manysyny berýär (asyl pars-arap ýazuwyna degişlidir; ýönekeý hytaý dili: 本 经; adaty hytaý dili: 本 經; pinyin: Běnjīng, Siao'erjing: بٌکٍْ, Dungan: Бын жинин, Вьнⱬин), mandarin ýaly sinit dillerini (esasanam Lanyin, Zhongyuan we Demirgazyk-gündogar şiwelerinde) ýa-da Dungan dilinde ýazmak endigi; Pars-arap ýazuwy. Wagtal-wagtal Hytaýda yslam dinine uýýan köp sanly etnik azlyklar (esasanam Hui, emma Dongxiang we Salar) we ozal Merkezi Aziýadaky Dungan nesilleri tarapyndan ulanylýar. Ortografiýa özgertmeleri latyn ýazuwyny, soňra bolsa kiril ýazuwyny Dungan diline girizdi, häzirki wagtda hem ulanylýar.

Harplar

Harp Soň-Orta-Baş Standard Mandarin aýtuwy Bopomofo Hanyu Pinyin Arap aýtuwy Pars aýtuwy Mysal Notlar 1 /a/ [ɑ], [a] ㄚ a, a-, -a, -a- [ʔ], [æː~aː], [ɑː] [ʔ], [ɔ], [æ] اَ‎(阿ā) vowel sound 2 /p/ [p], [b]- ㄅ b- [b] [b] بَا‎(爸bà) 3 /pʰ/ [pʰ]- ㄆ p- none [p] پُ‎(婆pó) borrowed from Persian 4 /tʰ/ [tʰ]- ㄊ t- [t] [t] تَا‎(塔tǎ) 5 [tɕʰ]-, [ɕ]- ㄑ、ㄒ q-, x- [θ] [s] ثِئ‎(些xiē) sound change occurs when representing Chinese 6 [tɕʰ]- ㄑ q- none none ٿْوݣ‎(穷qióng) 7 /ʈ͡ʂ/ [ʈ͡ʂ], [ɖ͡ʐ] ㄓ zh- [dʒ]|[ɡ] [dʒ] جـْ‎(这zhè) sound change occurs when representing Chinese 8 /ʈ͡ʂʰ/ [ʈ͡ʂʰ] ㄔ ch- none [tʃ] چـْ‎(车chē) borrowed from Persian 9 /x/ [x]- ㄏ h- [ħ] [h] حـْ‎(河hé) used before syllable with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -e, -ei, -en, -eng 10 /x/ [x]- ㄏ h- [x] [x] خـُ‎(湖hú) used before syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -u, -ua, -uai, -uan, -uang, -ui, -un, -uo 11 /t/ [t], [d]-; [tɕ]- ㄉ d-, j- [d] [d] دْ‌ٍݣ‎(钉dīng) also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initial j- 12 /ʦ/ [t͡s], [d͡z]- ㄗ z- [ð] [z] ذَىْ‎(在zài) 13 /ɻ/ -[ɻ] ㄦ -r [r] [ɾ] لِر‎(粒儿lìr) represents the rhotic final -r sound 14 none none [z] [z] زَكَاة‎(zakat) only used with Arabic loans 15 /ɻ/ [ɻ], [ʐ]- ㄖ r- none [ʒ] ژْ‎(热rè) borrowed from Persian 16 /s/ [s]-, [ɕ]- ㄙ、ㄒ s-, x- [s] [s] سٍ‎(信xìn) also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initials s- and sh- 17 /s/ [s]- ㄙ s- none none (思sī) only used for entering tone or formerly entering tone syllables 18 /ʂ/ [ʂ]-, [ɕ]- ㄕ、ㄒ sh-, x- [ʃ] [ʃ] شِ‎(是shì) also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initial x- 19 /s/ [s]- ㄙ s- [sˤ]|[sˠ] [s] صْ‎(色sè) 20 none none [dˤ] [z] الْضَّاد‎(letter ḍād) only used with Arabic loans 21 /ʦʰ/ [t͡sʰ]- ㄘ c- none none ڞْ‎(册cè) 22 /ʦ/ [t͡s], [d͡z]- ㄗ z- [tˤ]|[tˠ] [t] طٌ‎(遵zūn) sound change occurs when representing Chinese 23 /ʦ/ [t͡s], [d͡z]- ㄗ z- [ðˤ]|[ðˠ] [z] ظْ‎(作zuò) sound change occurs when representing Chinese 24 /ə/ ㄜ e, e-, -e, -e- [ʕ] [ʔ] عـَ‎(恶è) a vowel when representing Chinese, but considered a consonant when representing Arabic and Persian loans 25 none none [ɣ]|[ʁ] [ɣ~ɢ] غَبْن‎(criminal fraud) only used with Arabic loans 26 /f/ [f]- ㄈ f- [f] [f] فِ‎(废fèi) 27 /k/ [k], [ɡ]- ㄍ g- [q] [ɣ~ɢ], [q] قَ‎(个ge) sound change occurs when representing Chinese 28 none none [k] none كَلِمَة‎(proverb) only used with Arabic loans 28 /kʰ/ [kʰ]- ㄎ k- none [k] کْ‎(可kě) borrowed from Persian 29 none ㄍ none none [ɡ] گنج‎(treasure) borrowed from Persian and only used with Persian loans 30 [tɕ]- ㄐ j- none none ڭِیُوَ‎(脚jiǎo) Used in most manuscripts to represent "j-". Some manuscripts drop the three dots and simply use "ک". 31 /l/ [l]- ㄌ l- [l] [l] لِ‎(里lǐ) 32 /m/ [m]-, /n/ [n]- ㄇ m-, n- [m] [m] مِ‎(秘mì) 33 /n/ [n]- ㄋ n- [n] [n] نِ‎(你nǐ) 34 /x/ [x]- ㄏ h- [h] [h], [ɛ], [æ] هَا‎(哈hā) mostly used with Arabic loans, used before syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -a, -ai, -an, -ang, -ao 35 /u/ [u], [ʊ] ㄨ wu, u-, -u, -u- [w], [uː] [v], [u], [o], [ow] ءُ‎(无wú) vowel sound 36 none none [j], [iː] none يَوْم‎(Judgement Day) only used with Arabic loans and a vowel sound 36 /i/ [i], [ɪ] ㄧ yi, i-, -i, -i- [j], [iː], [æː~ɑː] [j], [i], [e] يَا‎(呀ya) borrowed from Persian and a vowel sound. (See Perso-Arabic ye)